Brewing Methods Impact Cholesterol and Heart Health

Recent research highlights that the method used to brew coffee can significantly influence its impact on cholesterol levels and, consequently, heart health. Specifically, utilizing paper filters during the brewing process can reduce the intake of certain compounds known to elevate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, commonly referred to as "bad" cholesterol.  

Unfiltered Coffee Contains More Cholesterol-Raising Compounds

A study conducted by Swedish researchers examined the diterpene content—specifically cafestol and kahweol—in coffee prepared using various methods. They discovered that coffee brewed with workplace machines lacking paper filters contained diterpene concentrations several times higher than coffee made using paper or fiber filters. These findings suggest that unfiltered coffee may contribute to increased cholesterol levels, thereby elevating the risk for atherosclerotic heart disease. (PubMed, Urgert & Katan, 1997)

The Link Between Coffee and Cholesterol Has Been Known for Decades

The cholesterol-raising effects of unfiltered coffee have been recognized for some time. Research dating back to 1997 identified cafestol and kahweol as the primary compounds responsible for this effect. These diterpenes are extracted during brewing but are effectively retained by paper filters, explaining why filtered coffee does not impact cholesterol levels, whereas methods like boiled or French press coffee do. (PubMed, Urgert & Katan, 1997)

Switching to Filtered Coffee Can Reduce Health Risks

Researchers estimated that replacing three cups of brewing machine coffee per day with paper-filtered coffee could reduce LDL cholesterol levels by 0.58 mmol/L. This reduction could lower the relative risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by up to 13% over five years and 36% over 40 years (Healio, 2024). These findings highlight the long-term heart health benefits of choosing a filtered brewing method.

Tips for a Heart-Healthy Coffee Habit

• Opt for Filtered Coffee: Use paper filters when brewing coffee to reduce the intake of cafestol and kahweol, thereby helping to maintain healthy cholesterol levels. 
  
  

• Limit Unfiltered Coffee: Methods such as French press, espresso, or boiled coffee can increase LDL cholesterol due to higher diterpene content. If you prefer these methods, consider moderating your consumption.
  
  

• Be Mindful of Additives: Avoid excessive use of sugar and high-fat dairy products in your coffee, as they can negate its health benefits.  

While coffee offers numerous health advantages, the brewing method plays a crucial role in its impact on cholesterol levels and heart disease risk. By choosing filtered brewing techniques, you can enjoy your daily cup while supporting cardiovascular health.